Technical FAQs 3

Does PID occur in bifacial rear-emitter silicon heterojunction solar cells?

Here, we investigate PID occurring in bifacial rear-emitter silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells encapsulated in a glass/glass (G/G) module configuration with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) as an encapsulant. PID testing was performed at 85°C in 85% relative humidity (RH), and the solar cells were subjected to −1 kV and +1 kV for up to 800 h.

Can PID be mitigated or suppressed at the module level?

Finally, we demonstrate that PID can be mitigated or suppressed at the module level by using a high-volume resistivity encapsulant with a low water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) or by encapsulating SHJ solar cells in a configuration impermeable to water (e.g., using an edge sealant).

Do SHJ mini-modules pass a PID test?

Although prone to PID after extended test durations, the SHJ mini-modules investigated in this study noticeably passed the industry standard (IEC 61215:2021) PID test of 96 h. The degradation was primarily characterized by losses in short-circuit current (I SC) at the front side, followed by fill factor (FF) and open-circuit voltage (V OC).

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Double-glass bifacial battery module PID

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